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来源:百度文库 编辑:中科新闻网 时间:2024/04/30 12:11:58
[内容摘要]
农业国际化是经济全球化的必然,调整农业产业结构是现在和今后一段历史时期农业发展的主要任务,抓住加入WTO这一良机,加快农业产业结构调整是我们的唯一正确选择,为此,我们应当确立这样的指导思想:以国内市场为导向,充分发挥比较优势,积极发展具有鲜明地方特色、品质优良,又有市场比较优势的农产品;依靠科技进步,改善农产品的品种和质量,加快发展农产品加工业;大力开拓国内外市场,促进农业产业结构的优化升级。我国农业已经由过去单一的资源约束和市场的双重约束,农产品供求关系的主要矛盾,也从供给总量短缺转化为需求约束,农产品增产不一定增收。这就决定了新一轮农业产业结构调整必须向生产的深度进军,根据我国资源禀赋和国内外市场需求发展趋势,对种植业、林业、渔业和畜牧业进行战略性调整,提高农业的质量和中和经济效益。
一旦加入WTO,我们就加入了国际经济体系,必须按国际规则办事,其中农业受到的冲击将会是非常之大。但总的来说,是既有利也有弊,有利的是使我国农业与国际接轨。提高农业的整体水平;不利的是,我国农业将受WTO规则的约束,缩小了政府对农业的宏观支持空间,以及国外农产品会对我国农产品生产产生一定冲击。加入WTO,向世界开放国内市场,短期内由于国内市场本身的缺陷,国际竞争的压力可能大于所获利益,但随着国内市场经济的深入发展。我国农业将从国际竞争中获得发展与增长的长期利益。所以我们应辩证的认识农产品贸易自由化带来的影响,未雨绸缎,适时制订出相应的对策,迎接挑战。

[关键字]:WTO、中国农业、产业结构

The agricultural internationalization will be the economical globalization necessity, the adjustment agriculture industrial structure is the present and the next phase of historical period agricultural development primary mission, will hold joins WTO this good opportunity, will speed up the agriculture industrial structure adjustment is our only correct choice, for this, we will have to establish such guiding ideology: Take the domestic market as the guidance, fully displays the comparison superiority, positively develops has the bright place characteristic, is excellent in quality, also has the market to compare the superiority the agricultural product; The dependence advance in technology, the improvement agricultural product variety and the quality, speed up the development agricultural products processing industry; Vigorously develops the domestic and foreign markets, the promotion agriculture industrial structure optimized promotion. Our country agriculture already by way of past sole resources restraint and market dual restraint, agricultural product supply and demand relations principal contradiction, also short transforms from the supplies total quantity as the demand restraint, the agricultural product increases production not necessarily additionally receives. This had decided the new turn of agriculture industrial structure adjustment must march to the production depth, according to our country resources reported bestows on with the domestic and foreign market demand development tendency, to the planter industry, the forestry, the fishery and the animal husbandry carries on the strategic adjustment, enhances agricultural the quality and center and the economic efficiency. Once joins WTO, we have joined the international economy system, will have according to the international rules management, the impact which agriculture will receive to be able to be is extremely big. But generally speaking, already advantageous also has the shortcoming, what is advantageous is causes our country agriculture and international connects rails. Enhances agricultural the overall level; Disadvantageous is, our country agriculture will receive the WTO rule the restraint, reduced the government to the agricultural macroscopic support space, as well as the overseas agricultural product will be able to have the certain impact to our country agricultural product production. Joins WTO, to the world open domestic market, in the short-term as a result of the domestic market itself flaw, the international competition pressure is possibly bigger than attains the benefit, but along with domestic market economy thorough development. Our country agriculture will obtain the development and the growth long-term benefit from the international competition. Therefore we should the dialectical understanding agricultural product trade liberalization bring the influence, rain silk fabrics, at the right moment has not drawn up the corresponding countermeasure, meets the challenge.