苏州高新区税务局电话:翻译求助!!(建筑环境方面,关于人体舒适度)

来源:百度文库 编辑:中科新闻网 时间:2024/04/29 22:43:36
The skin compartment simulates the epidermis and dermis and is about 1.6 mm thick. Its mass, which is about 10% of the total body, depends on the amount of blood flowing through it for thermoregulation. The temperature in a compartment is assumed to be uniform so that the only temperature gradients are between compartments. In a cold environment, blood flow to the extremities may be reduced to conserve the heat of vital organs, resulting in axial temperature gradients in the arms, legs, hands, and feet. Heavy exercise with certain muscle groups or asymmetric environmental conditions may also cause nonuniform compartment temperatures and limit the accuracy of the model.
All the heat is assumed to be generated in the core compartment. In the cold, shivering and muscle tension may generate additional metabolic heat. This increase is related to skin and core temperature depressions from their set point values, or
(65)
Where the temperature terms are set to zero if they become negative.
The core loses energy when the muscles do word on the surroundings. Heat is also lost from the core through respiration. The rate of respiratory heat loss if due to sensible and latent changes in the respired air and the ventilation rate as in Equations (19) and (20).
In addition, heat is conducted passively from the core to the skin. This is modeled as a massless thermal conductor [K = 5.28W/( •K)]. A controllable heat loss path from the core consists of pumping variable amounts of warm blood to the skin for cooling. This peripheral blood flow in depends on skin and core temperature deviations from their respective set point:
(66)
The temperature terms can only be > 0. If the deviation is negative, the term is set to zero. For average persons, the coefficients BFN, , and are 6.3, 175 and 0.5. Further, skin blood flow is limited to a maximum of 90 L/(h• ).
Dry (sensible) heat loss from the skin flows through the clothing by conduction and then by parallel paths to the air and surrounding surfaces. Evaporative heat follows a similar path, flowing through the clothing and through the air boundary layer. Maximum evaporation occurs if the skin is completely covered with sweat. The actual evaporation rate depends on the size of the sweat film:
(67)

Where is .
The rate of regulatory sweating (rate at which water is brought to the surface of the skin in W/ ) can be predicted by skin and core temperature deviations from their set points:
(68)
Where and is the mean body temperature, and . The temperature deviation terms are sit to zero when negative. is the fraction of the total body mass that is considered to be thermally in the skin compartment.
软件我有,不要那种用软件翻译的不成句的。

皮肤区划模拟表皮和 dermis 和是有关 1.6 毫米的事厚。 是有关总身体的 10 %的事它块仰赖血的数量为温度调节流动过它。 一个区划的温度被假定是制服以便唯一的温度倾斜度是在区划之间。 在一个感冒环境中,极端的血流程可能被减少保存重要的器官热,造成手,腿,手和脚的轴温度倾斜度。 和某肌肉团体或不对称环境的情况重练习也可能引起不均匀区划温度而且限制模型的准确性。
所有的热被假定在核心区划中被产生。 在寒冷者中, 颤抖的而且肌肉紧张可能产生附加的变化热。 这增加对来自他们的决胜点价值的皮肤和核心温度不景气被讲, 或
( 65 )
温度术语被设定来哪里对准零位如果他们变成否定。
当肌肉做在环境上的字时候 , 核心失去能源。 热也被经过呼吸从核心遗失。 呼吸器官的热损失的比率如果适当的到有感觉的和在被再突出的空气和通风率方面的潜伏性的改变当做在相等 (19) 中和.(20)
除此之外,热被从核心到皮肤消极地引导。 这被做模型如无块的热领导者 [ K=5.28 W/(?K)]. 来自核心的一条可管理的热损失路径对皮肤为冷却由抽泵变数温暖的血数量所组成。 周边的血流动在仰赖来自他们的分别决胜点的皮肤和核心温度偏离:
(66)
温度术语只可能是 >0. 如果偏离是否定, 术语被设定来对准零位。 对于平均的人 , 系数 BFN,, 而且是 6.3,175 和 0.5. 更进一步,皮肤血流对 90 L/( h 的最大值被限制? ).
干 (有感觉的) 热来自皮肤的损失藉着到空气和周围的表面平行的路径藉着传导流过衣服而且然后流动。 蒸发的热跟随一条相似的路径, 流动过衣服和经过空气边界层。 最大的蒸发发生如果皮肤完全地布满汗。 真实的蒸发率仰赖汗电影的大小:
(67)

管制的出汗 ( 比率在哪一水在 W/) 中被带来到皮肤的表面比率可能被来自他们的决胜点的皮肤和核心温度偏离预知:
(68)
哪里而且是方法身体温度, 和。 温度偏离术语是坐对准零位何时否定。 是总身体的分数使被考虑到集合以热地是在皮肤区划中。