ritchie新西兰:请帮忙把这段汉语翻译成英文,100奖励,若采纳再加100,谢谢!(三)

来源:百度文库 编辑:中科新闻网 时间:2024/05/22 19:50:10
又如 政 府 公 文 类 : 这类文书写作要求与上述经贸文秘的大体相同,
包括建议书(proposal)、请示(request)、报告(report)、批复(approval / disapproval,etc.)、公示/ 通报 / 通告 / 通知(annoucement / circular / notice)、规划(plan)、总结(summary)这类文书亦系讲求“准确、简洁”,而且严格要求庄重严肃,大都有较固定格式,不可“油头粉面”,不存在以文艺性“文采”修饰的那股“雅”味。还有如公约/条约(convention / treaty)、公报(communique)、照会/抗议(note/protest)等外交性文体,就更要“官味”十足了,格式也是不可随意变的。再看 科 技 类 : 这类文书尤其要求表述“准确”,甚至到达“精确”境地,其往往是科学实验报告、或科学理论阐述、或技术讲解、或新研发产品说明等。这类文书科技专业性甚强,没有华丽词藻,文风朴实,且“隔行如隔山”, 特别是危险性行业和强敏感性行业(如高空、高温、高速、高电压、核工业、医药类等)的文书,稍有差错就很可能酿成重大事故,人命关天,非精确不可,完全来不得半点随意变更与虚构。这类翻译文字最为讲究忠实准确,自然枯燥乏味,因决不可用文艺类的“雅”来要求。 还有 司 法 类 : 这类文书诸如各种法律、法规、搜查令、逮捕书、起诉/应诉书、协议、合同、章程、授权/委托书、鉴定书、裁定书、判决书、公证书等,其严肃性最强,同样要求翻译极度的“准确”,
即非常忠实于原文;即使原文可能有欠完善之处,甚至不排除正是这类“空子”,将可能造就某一方有“可乘之机”,
而翻译人员仍是只能无可选择地“一字不漏”照译可也,不允许自以为是地增删修订作人为“美化”以追求“雅”,
因为翻译人员不是律师,更不是当事人,无资格改动。尤其是法律条文,那就更须循规蹈矩,极其强调忠实;
很多条款、很多专业用语都有固定表达方式,即使貌似呆板,也不可随意更改的。

Again such as the mansion male text: This clerk writes the request and the great body homology of the above-mentioned economic trade text ,
Include a suggestion book(proposal) and instruct(request),report(report),criticize to reply(approval/ disapproval, etc.),Mr. show/ notification/ notify/ notice(annoucement/ circular/ notice),programming(plan),summary(summary) this clerk also fastens to stress"accurate and simple and direct"s, and the strict request is solemn serious, have a more fixed format mostly, can't"pomaded hair and powdered face", the nonentity is polish with the literature"literary grace" of that" " flavor.Return a like convention/treaty(convention/ treaty),official gazette(communique),note/protest(note/protest) etc. the diplomacy literary style, even want"officer's flavor" hundred percent, the format also can't change at will.See again section skill: This clerk requests to express particularly"accurate", even arrive the "precision" ground, it usually is science experiment report,or science ories elaborate,or the technique explain in detail,or new development product elucidation etc..This clerk's science and technology profession is very strong, having no gorgeous elegant language, the literary atmosphere is simple, and"every other line if separate mountain", especially the risk profession with the clerk of the strong sensitivity profession(such as high empty,heat,high speed,high electric voltage,pit industry,medicine etc.), have a little bit mistake and then may bring about important trouble very much, the human life pass day, not accurate can't, complete come to can not change the least bit and at will with the figment.This translation writing most for pay attention to faithfully accurate, the nature is tedious, because of will never be able to request with"" of literature. Still have the department method: This clerk such as various law,laws,search a ream,arrest a book and sue/should tell a book,agreement,contract,stand rule and authorize/authorization letter,authenticate a book,Statement of verdict,statement of verdict and notarize a book etc., its serious is the most strong, the same request translation is extreme"accurate",
Namely very faithful to original text;Even the original text may have already owe perfect of place, even expel is exactly this type of"empty son", will may educate a some square to have"can multiply by of machine",
And the translator is still and can have no and can choose the ground"one word is gastight" to shine on to translate and can also disallow to increase to delete to revise to get alone with others self-approbationly in order to"beautify" to pursue" ",
Because the translator isn't a lawyer, isn't also the party concerned, have no qualifications to change to move.Particularly the law ruling, that more the beard obey rules and regulations, very emphasize allegiance;
A lot of items,a lot of professional terminologies all have a fixed expression method, even looking like boring, can't change at will, either.

Again such as male text of mansion of 政 : This clerk write to request is homology to the big body of the above-mentioned economic trade text 秘 ,
Include to suggest the book( proposal) and instruct( request), report( report), criticize to reply( approval/ disapproval, etc.), Mr. show/ notification/ notify/ this clerk of circular( annoucement/ circular/ notice), programming( plan), summary( summary) also fastens to stress" accurate and simple and direct"s, and the strict request is solemn serious, have the more fixed format mostly, can't" pomaded hair and powdered face", nonentity with that" 雅 " flavor that the literature" literary grace" polish.Return the like convention/ treaty( convention/ treaty), official gazette( communique), note/ protest( note/ protest) etc. the diplomacy literary style, even want that" officer's flavor" is hundred percent, the format also can't change at will.See again section skill: This clerk requests the form to say particularly" accurate", even arrive the " precision" ground of 境 , it usually is science experiment report, or science ories elaborate, or the technique explain in detail, or new development product elucidation etc..This clerk's science and technology profession is very strong, have no gorgeous elegant language, the literary atmosphere is simple, and" every other line if separate the mountain", especially the clerk of the risk profession and strong sensitivity profession( such as high empty, heat, high speed, high electric voltage, pit industry, medicine etc.), have a little bit the mistake and then may bring about the important trouble very much, the human life pass day, not accurate can't, complete come to can not change the least bit and at will with the figment.This translates the writing most for pay attention to faithfully accurate, the nature is tedious, because of will never be able to request with" 雅 " of literature. Still have the department method: This clerk is such as various law, laws, search the ream, arrest the book and sue/ at the request of tell the book, agreement, contract, stand rule and authorize/ authorization letter, authenticate the book, justify the book, statement of verdict and notarize the book etc., its serious is most strong, same the translation is extremely" accurate",
Namely very faithful to original text;Even the original text may owe the perfect place, even not expel exactly this type of" empty son", will may educate the some square to have" the machine that can multiply by",
And the translator is still the translator and can have no only eligibility choose the ground" one word is gastight" to shine on to translate and can also disallow to increase to delete to revise to get alone with others consider as correct in order to" beautify" to pursue" 雅 ",
Because the translator is not a lawyer, is not also the party concerned, have no qualifications to change to move.Particularly the law ruling, that more the beard obey rules and regulations, very emphasize the allegiance;
A lot of items, a lot of professional terminologieses all fix the expression method, even looking like boring, also can't change at will of.

译文:
And for example government documents: What this kind of copy clerk's writing is required with economic and trade secretarial described above is about the same, Including the recommendation, asking for instructions in (request ) , report, giving a written reply (approval / disapproval , etc.) Announcement / circular / notice / notice (annoucement / circular / notice ), plan (plan ) , summarize the document to stress " accurate succinct " also , require solemnly serious strictly, have , fix form is can't " dandified in appearance " , have with literature and art " literary grace " the " refined " bad smell that modify relatively mostly. And if convention / treaty (convention / treaty ), communique (communique ), present a note to /recreation and sportses diplomatic of protesting (note/protest) etc., want " officer's flavor " to be sheer even more, the form can not change at will either.
It is scientific and technological type to see again: This kind of document especially demands to state " accuratly ", reach " accurate " condition even, its scientific laboratory report, or scientific theory explain , or technology explain , or research and develop description of products ,etc. newly often. The document scientific and technological professional lines very strong, have magnificent ornate diction, writing style sincere, and " whether difference in profession makes one feel worlds apart ", dangerous trade and document of strong sensitiveness trade (such as high altitude , high temperature , at a high speed , high voltage , nuclear industry , medicine type ,etc. ), a mistake will probably lead to the great accident slightly, a case involving human life is to be treated with the utmost care, must be accurate, totally permit no and alter and make up at will . The interpreter characters stress faithful and naturally dry as dust accurate most , can't come on , require with " refined " of literature and art type. There are administration of justice types: This kind of document such as various laws, regulation, search-warrant, lasting booking, prosecute / should tell by book , agreement , contract , rules, authorize /trust deed, testimonial, rulings of acquittal, court verdict, notarization,etc., it is the strongest that it is serious, demand to translate the extreme " accurate " too, I.e. very faithful in the original text; Even if the original text is owed the complete place , even it is exactly this kind of " gap " not to get rid of , may bring up one one party and have " opportunities ", Translator can only can't choose ground " whether one word leak " shine , translate even, do not allow to add and delete and revise and " beautify " it in order to pursue artificially " refinedly " opinionatedly , Because the translator is not a lawyer, not even the party, qualification is not changed . Especially legal clause, then must follow the beaten track even more, it is faithful to place extreme emphasis on; A lot of clauses , a lot of specialized terms have a fixed expression way, even stiff seemingly, can't be changed at will either.

Again governance at the text categories : writing for such instruments of essentially the same with the trade books, Including proposals (proposal), from (request), report (report), replied (approval / disapproval,etc. ), publicity / notification / circular / notification (annoucement / circular / notice), Planning (plan), summary (5,000,000) of these instruments is also being "accurate, concise", but strict requirements solemn serious and have more large fixed format, not "oil first Sun," does not exist in nature and "literary talent," the kind words "elegant" flavor. If there is the Convention / Treaty (convention / treaty), bulletin (communique), note / protest (note/protest) Foreign sexual style, more "official taste" full, the format is not random change. If Section for categories : requests that such instruments in the "accurate", even in "precise" position, the report is often scientific experiments, or scientific theories elaborated, or technical presentations, or new product research note. Such instruments technology professional very strong, not rhetoric rhetoric, the style of writing plain, and "likely", particularly hazardous industries and strong sensitivity of industries (such as high-altitude, high-temperature, high-speed, high-voltage, the nuclear industry, medicine category) instrument, with errors are likely to lead to major accidents, life is precious, non-precision can not be completely rigorous manner randomly change and fiction. Such language translation of the most important faithfully accurate, natural labor, and by no means can be used such "elegant". France also Division categories : all such instruments such as laws and regulations, search warrants, arrest book, prosecution / litigation book, agreements, contracts, and regulations, authorization / orders, identification books, award books, judgement, notarization, the strongest of its seriousness, the same request translation extreme "accurate" Very faithful to the original; Even if the original could not be improvement, it was not even exclude such "loopholes" would be creating one "an opportunity" And translators are only no alternative but to "the word is not missed" as translation can also, if amended to allow for artificial opinionated "beautify" in pursuit of "elegant" Because translators are not lawyers, nor the parties, shall not be eligible for change. Particularly legal provisions, it must behave extremely stressed faithful; Many articles, many professional terms have fixed expression, even seemingly rigid and not open to amendment.

Again governance at the text categories : writing for such instruments of essentially the same with the trade books, Including proposals (proposal), from (request), report (report), replied (approval / disapproval,etc. ), publicity / notification / circular / notification (annoucement / circular / notice), Planning (plan), summary (5,000,000) of these instruments is also being "accurate, concise", but strict requirements solemn serious and have more large fixed format, not "oil first Sun," does not exist in nature and "literary talent," the kind words "elegant" flavor. If there is the Convention / Treaty (convention / treaty), bulletin (communique), note / protest (note/protest) Foreign sexual style, more "official taste" full, the format is not random change. If Section for categories : requests that such instruments in the "accurate", even in "precise" position, the report is often scientific experiments, or scientific theories elaborated, or technical presentations, or new product research note. Such instruments technology professional very strong, not rhetoric rhetoric, the style of writing plain, and "likely", particularly hazardous industries and strong sensitivity of industries (such as high-altitude, high-temperature, high-speed, high-voltage, the nuclear industry, medicine category) instrument, with errors are likely to lead to major accidents, life is precious, non-precision can not be completely rigorous manner randomly change and fiction. Such language translation of the most important faithfully accurate, natural labor, and by no means can be used such "elegant". France also Division categories : all such instruments such as laws and regulations, search warrants, arrest book, prosecution / litigation book, agreements, contracts, and regulations, authorization / orders, identification books, award books, judgement, notarization, the strongest of its seriousness, the same request translation extreme "accurate" Very faithful to the original; Even if the original could not be improvement, it was not even exclude such "loopholes" would be creating one "an opportunity" And translators are only no alternative but to "the word is not missed" as translation can also, if amended to allow for artificial opinionated "beautify" in pursuit of "elegant" Because translators are not lawyers, nor the parties, shall not be eligible for change. Particularly legal provisions, it must behave extremely stressed faithful; Many articles, many professional terms have fixed expression, even seemingly rigid and not open to amendment.

Again governance at the text categories : writing for such instruments of essentially the same with the trade books, Including proposals (proposal), from (request), report (report), replied (approval / disapproval,etc. ), publicity / notification / circular / notification (annoucement / circular / notice), Planning (plan), summary (5,000,000) of these instruments is also being "accurate, concise", but strict requirements solemn serious and have more large fixed format, not "oil first Sun," does not exist in nature and "literary talent," the kind words "elegant" flavor. If there is the Convention / Treaty (convention / treaty), bulletin (communique), note / protest (note/protest) Foreign sexual style, more "official taste" full, the format is not random change. If Section for categories : requests that such instruments in the "accurate", even in "precise" position, the report is often scientific experiments, or scientific theories elaborated, or technical presentations, or new product research note. Such instruments technology professional very strong, not rhetoric rhetoric, the style of writing plain, and "likely", particularly hazardous industries and strong sensitivity of industries (such as high-altitude, high-temperature, high-speed, high-voltage, the nuclear industry, medicine category) instrument, with errors are likely to lead to major accidents, life is precious, non-precision can not be completely rigorous manner randomly change and fiction. Such language translation of the most important faithfully accurate, natural labor, and by no means can be used such "elegant". France also Division categories : all such instruments such as laws and regulations, search warrants, arrest book, prosecution / litigation book, agreements, contracts, and regulations, authorization / orders, identification books, award books, judgement, notarization, the strongest of its seriousness, the same request translation extreme "accurate" Very faithful to the original; Even if the original could not be improvement, it was not even exclude such "loopholes" would be creating one "an opportunity" And translators are only no alternative but to "the word is not missed" as translation can also, if amended to allow for artificial opinionated "beautify" in pursuit of "elegant" Because translators are not lawyers, nor the parties, shall not be eligible for change. Particularly legal provisions, it must behave extremely stressed faithful; Many articles, many professional terms have fixed expression, even seemingly rigid and not open to amendment.