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Introduction of banned turns and one – way streets can reduce potential conflicts and accident potencial . These measures can be used to implement protected pedestrian or cycle crossings and simplify junction layouts generally . Great care must be exercised when one – way street schemes are being considered as they can result in speeding by drivers who are confident that they will not be opposed by other vehicles .
Point road closures are used to simplify junction and highway layout and eliminate turning conflicts . The resulting continuous footway can also improve pedestrian safety and provide space for bus stops , cycle racks , pedestrian crossing , and hard and soft landscaping .
Closure of long sections of road to general traffic can produce pedestrianized shopping streets . Such scheme can be very complex to design and introduce , because facilities for buses , emergency services vehicles , residents and services vehicles must be considered .
Carriageway narrowing can be used to limit capacity or vehicle speeds and reduce parking and pedestrian crossing distances .
The key to all successful traffic engineering scheme is that the visual cues provided by the road must give a clear indication to users of who has priority .
junction types
There are many varying detailed junction types , but they can be broken down into five basic types : uncontrolled non priority junctions ; priority junctions ; roundabouts ; traffic signals ; grade separations .