关帝灵签41签解签:do you guys know who is Harper lee??

Nelle Harper Lee

Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28 1926 in Monroeville Alabama, a city of about 7,000 people in Monroe County, which has about 24,000 people. Monroeville is in southwest Alabama, about halfway between Montgomery and Mobile.

She is the youngest of four children of Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Finch Lee. Harper Lee attended Huntingdon College 1944-45, studied law at University of Alabama 1945-49, and studied one year at Oxford University. In the 1950s she worked as a reservation clerk with Eastern Air Lines and BOAC in New York City.

In order to concentrate on writing Harper Lee gave up her position with the airline and moved into a cold-water apartment with makeshift furniture. Her father's sudden illness forced her to divide her time between New York and Monroeville, a practice she has continued.

In 1957 Miss Lee submitted the manuscript of her novel to the J. B. Lippincott Company. She was told that her novel consisted of a series of short stories strung together, and she was urged to re-write it. For the next two and a half years she re-worked the manuscript with the help of her editor, Tay Hohoff, and in 1960 To Kill a Mockingbird was published, her only published book. On May 29 1961 the Alabama Legislature passed a resolution to congratulate Miss Lee on her success. That year she had two articles published: Love--In Other Words in Vogue, and Christmas To Me in McCalls. "Christmas To Me" is the story of Harper Lee receiving the gift of a year's time for writing from friends. When Children Discover America was published in 1965.

In June of 1966, Harper Lee was one of two persons named by President Johnson to the National Council of Arts. Also named to the 26 member council was artist Richard Diebenkorn Jr.

In the same year, on November 28th, Truman Capote held his fabulous and flawless Black and White Dance in honour of Katherine Graham. In Cold Blood had been published in January, with its dedication to Jack Dunphy and Harper Lee. The 480 invitations included one to her.

Miss Lee attended the 1983 Alabama History and Heritage Festival in Eufaula, Alabama. She presented the essay Romance and High Adventure. Most of what has been published on the doings of Miss Lee in the last many years is speculation. Apparently she still plays golf, and there are various stories of her writing her memoirs. An article in the Standard Times reported that Miss Lee was working on a book about the Reverend Maxwell of Alexander City, Alabama. He was a local black preacher who murdered several family members in order to collect their life insurance, and who was murdered at the funeral of his last victim.

In his book Lost Friendships Donald Windham reported that in 1984 Miss Lee attended a dinner at his place after the memorial for Truman Capote. She came with Alvin and Marie Dewey, who she had met when in Kansas with Capote to do research for In Cold Blood.

Windham cooked chicken breasts in butter. He reported that Miss said that it had been fifteen years since she and Capote had been in touch.

Miss Lee has received a number of honorary doctorates, perhaps four. In 1990 she was one of five recipients at the University of Alabama. She did not speak or give an interview.

In 1997 she was awarded an honorary doctorate of humane letters at Spring Hill College in Mobile Alabama. Professor Margaret Davis told Miss Lee she was being honored for her "lyrical elegance, her portrayal of human strength, and wisdom." Miss Lee did not speak to the cheering and applauding audience; Colman McCarthy, another degree recipient did. A photograph of a radiant Miss Lee appeared in the Mobile Register on May 12, 1997.

Harper lee 是To Kill a Mockingbird 的作者, 她就是写她在美国南部的生活,我看过To Kill a Mockingbird的电影,主要就是批判歧视..然后不错的电影...

格利高里·派克：不朽的美国绅士
制片厂打算让罗克·赫德森饰演阿提库斯·芬奇。可冥冥中却偏偏另有安排。格利高里·派克获得了那个角色，在1962年的影片《杀死一只知更鸟》中扮演南方小镇的律师。这是哈珀·李获普利策奖的小说中的主人公，非常像她的父亲；影片开拍的第一天，作者与演员相遇时，她说道：“格利高里，你恰好和我父亲一样有点大腹便便。”那明星回答说，“哈珀，那才是真正的表演。”

实际上，那是真正的进入角色。阿提库斯说，“在你爬进一个人的皮肤下，在他体内行走之前，你永远不会真正理解一个人……”宽容逐渐成熟而移情于角色之中：派克的才能是扮演一种高素质的美国人——有力量和同情心的人。今天，那个“物种”已不仅仅濒危了；它几乎灭迹了。但在这个演员半个世纪的影艺生涯中的大部分时间里，这个物种都很兴旺。当时的美国人为他们对受压迫者的同情和为自己提高人性素质的能力而自豪。派克是个开明的人，而当时开明是美德。

派克从早期影片(《爱德华医生》?又译《迷魂咒》?和《阳光下的决斗》?又译《太阳浴血记》?)中的帅哥，到漫长的全盛期中他那仿佛在晴空下的拉什莫尔石像的面孔和耶和华般的声音，都表现出他是宣扬电影人文主义的嘹亮歌手。他表明一个健壮的人也可以是一个温柔的人。他提倡种族宽容：在《君子协定》中宽容犹太人，在《杀死一只知更鸟》中宽容黑人。作为进行圣战的律师和两个年幼孩子的单身好父亲，派克使正义坚不可摧。神圣的正义是长存的：本月，美国电影学院选出阿提库斯·芬奇为美国电影史上的头号主人公。

派克不仅仅是一个偶像。他是一个演员，一个聪明的演员。他在范围广泛的样式中选择了最受欢迎的那些：浪漫喜剧(《罗马假日》)，动作片(《六壮士》?又译《纳瓦隆大炮》?)，恐怖片(《凶兆》?又译《预兆》?)。他大胆扮演了扭曲了他的高尚形象的角色——亚哈、麦克阿瑟将军。他尝试过厌恶人类者(包括纳粹恶魔约瑟夫·门格勒)和像孤峰一样粗野的西部汉子等角色。但人们最清楚地记得的派克还是影片中典型的长者形象。他们常常出人意料地揭示了作为英雄主义核心的和平主义。

《恐怖角》?又译《海角惊魂》?就是很好的一个例子。剧中，派克是一家之长，全家人受到老谋深算、道德败坏的罗伯特·米彻姆的威胁。在影片的高潮，派克把枪口对准了这个恶棍。开枪打死他，格雷格！但他没有开枪。这一次好人不打算杀死坏人；坏人要被审判、定罪和监禁。缺乏自信心的演员也许会让这个决定听起来懦弱无力，但派克宣扬的是这样一个观点，即身陷囹圄与遭枪子儿一样是令人不愉快的事。

今天的影片中胜败泾渭分明。在派克的最佳影片中总能看到发人深省的灰色影子。阿提库斯接手了一桩黑人男子被控强奸白人女子的案子——这在20世纪30年代的亚拉巴马小镇乃是一项要命的差事。他辩护精彩，驳倒了对方，令影片的每一个观众心服口服……可他败诉了。但阿提库斯在战斗中表现出了勇气。当他败诉而离开法庭时，参加审判会的一个黑人牧师悄声对阿提库斯的6岁女儿说：“琼·路易丝小姐，起立。你父亲正从这里走过。”

后来，派克在影片中象征一种和平的抵制。受害的白人妇女的父亲是种族主义者，看到派克与几个黑人在一起，就朝他脸上吐唾沫。派克以愤怒的尊严拿出一块手帕，擦掉了唾沫，走开了——不用反击就打赢了战斗的胜利者。君子之道为先；粗俗之举居后。

把演员与其影片中的角色混为一谈是危险的。但人们说银幕上的格利高里·派克和现实中的格利高里·派克十分相近。他是正直的表率，患难中的真交，好莱坞社区的告解神甫。他不是这个全国什么什么协会的会长，就是那个美国什么什么学院的主席。他被官方荣誉压得喘不过气来：林登·约翰逊授予他总统自由奖章；理查德·尼克松把他列在了敌对者名单上。上周，隐居的李听到他的死讯时说，“格利高里·派克是个帅男子。阿提库斯·芬奇给了他扮演自己的机会。”这也许是派克获得的最甜蜜的桂冠。

但是，既然高尚已经用在了懦弱之人的身上，寻找操守的最佳地方只有在韦氏词典里，那么，谁又将扮演格利高里·派克式的主人公呢？派克代表的男性典雅已经从电影中消失了；任何明星都无法胜任他的那种类型。电影演员不具备他那种声音、仪态和气质。也许美国不可能相信这种类型。

珍惜派克就等于承认怀恋一个时代，那时，大众文化和政治文化能够真诚地倡导人文主义理想。如果我们的时代不是如此荒唐，如此经常地堕落的话，那个时代——以及这个人——就不会显得那么宝贵了。

美国，肃然起立吧！格利高里·派克已经逝世。?陈永国 摘译自 Time June 23? 2003?

Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926, the youngest of four children of Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Cunningham Finch Lee. She grew up in Monroeville, a small town in southwest Alabama. Her father was a lawyer who also served in the state legislature from 1926-1938. As a child, Lee was a tomboy and a precocious reader. After she attended public school in Monroeville she attended Huntingdon College, a private school for women in Montgomery for a year and then transferred to the University of Alabama. After graduation, Lee studied at Oxford University. She returned to the University of Alabama to study law but withdrew six months before graduation.

She moved to New York in 1949 and worked as a reservations clerk for Eastern Air Lines and British Overseas Airways. While in New York, she wrote several essays and short stories but none were published. Her agent encouraged her to develop one short story into a novel. In order to complete it, Lee quit working and was supported by friends who believed in her work. In 1957, she submitted the manuscript to J. B. Lippincott Company. Although editors found the work too episodic, they saw promise in the book and encouraged Lee to rewrite it. In 1960, with the help of Lippincott editor Tay Hohoff, To Kill a Mockingbird was published.

To Kill a Mockingbird became an instant popular success. A year after the novel was published, 500,000 copies had been sold and it had been translated into ten languages. Critical reviews of the novel were mixed. It was only after the success of the film adaptation in 1962 that many critics reconsidered To Kill a Mockingbird.

To Kill a Mockingbird was honored with many awards including the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1961 and was made into a film in 1962 starring Gregory Peck. The film was nominated for eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture. It actually was honored with three awards: Gregory Peck won the Best Actor Award, Horton Foote won the Best Adapted Screenplay Oscar and a design team was awarded an Oscar for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration B/W. Lee worked as a consultant on the screenplay adaptation of the novel.

Author Truman Capote was Lee's next-door neighbor from 1928 to 1933. In 1959 Lee and Capote traveled to Garden City, Kansas, to research the Clutter family murders for his work, In Cold Blood (1965). Capote dedicated In Cold Blood to Lee and his partner Jack Dunphy. Lee was the inspiration for the character Idabel in Capote's Other Voices, Other Rooms (1948). He in turn clearly influenced her character Dill in To Kill a Mockingbird.

Harper Lee divides her time between New York and her hometown of Monroeville, Alabama where her sister Alice Lee practices law. Though she has published no other work of fiction, this novel continues to have a strong impact on successive generations of readers.

Harper Lee had many childhood experiences that are similar to those of her young narrator in To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout Finch.