江门二中成长宝典网址:帮忙翻译!!急急急急!!!!!!

来源:百度文库 编辑:中科新闻网 时间:2024/04/28 22:41:18
由于各国的历史与文化底蕴不同,各国人民在进行礼尚交往时的习惯也有不少差异。特别是中西方之间,礼仪上的差别很大,若不了解,就容易引起不必要的误会和损失。例如,在中国近代史上,由于中国闭关自守,对西方不了解,在一次希特勒举行的宴会上,一位中国使节按照在中国的习惯用餐巾去揩拭刀叉,殊不知这种做法在国外是极不礼貌的,仿佛是在责备刀叉不干净。希特勒一见之下,立即命令侍者将全体客人的餐具一律重新换过,使那位中国使节窘迫难堪。再例如,李鸿章曾应俾斯麦之邀前往赴宴,由于不懂西餐礼仪,把一碗吃水果后洗手的水喝了。当时俾斯麦不了解中国的虚实,为了不使李鸿章丢丑,他也将洗手水一饮而尽,见此情景,其他文武百官只能忍笑奉陪。在文化方面就美国来讲,中国人赞赏推崇的愚公移山,令全拿搬家不当回事的美国人大惑不解,他们会用智叟的语调发问:“他为什么不搬家?”中国人以谦虚为美德,而美国人对中国人“水平不高,能力有限”的自谦并不以为然,相反地他会认为你缺乏自信,不知有多少留学生在美国因为“谦虚”而推掉了饭碗。如此相反的结论,如此巨大的反差,是东西方存在的文化差异的显现。

造成这种差异的根本原因,是因为西方人和我们有着完全不同的世界观和价值取向。当然西方人也有许多地方是值得我们学习的。例如,中国游客在美旅游后准备买票回国,凭主观想象买票是肯定要排队的,但当他们进入售票大厅时,见窗口只有一个人在办理手续,另有几个人静静地坐在大厅的边上。我国的游客马上拥至窗口抢购机票,售票员在给中国游客办好机票后,微笑着对他们说:“下次买票请自觉排队,并用手指了指边上的人,当中国人回头看时,他们报微笑,使几个中国人真是无地自容。在现代的社会再犯这样的错误是不应该的,以自己的国情来看待别国才会出“洋相”,这有待于提高自己的文化素质,因此,了解中西方礼尚交往之间的习惯差异是很有必要的。若一无所知,就容易在与外国人交往时处于不利的形势。无论是在政治上,还是在经济贸易中,了解对方国家的礼仪习惯,是对对方的尊重,容易给对方留下一个好印象,以便交往的顺利进行。

首先要明确,东方文明和西方文明都是在一定的社会历史条件下产生和发展的,存在都是合理的,没有孰优孰劣的问题。就美国来说,它的历史只有短短200年,而它的人民是从各个地方移民而来的,可以说美国是一个“大熔炉”,它合众为一,众多不同民族和种族都融合在一起,很多人被同化了,不管什么肤色,不管讲何种语言,都自豪地称自己是美国人。他们的宗旨是永远向前看,遥望目力所及的前方,并且迈开双脚前进;自强自立,追求幸福,永不满足。这是他们良好的品质和素质,而他们信奉的誓言是:“只要我们能够梦想的我们就一定能够实现!”这是美国精神,是在英雄主义和献身精神的基础上建立起来的,以它短短200年的历史,创造了人类史上的灿烂文明,它所创造的生产力,比过去一切世代创造的全部生产力还要多,还要大,这就是美国的魅力。我们不能因为中国是拥有五千年传统文化的,就盲目自大,而应尊重别人,尊重他人的人格与习惯,这样交往才能顺利进行。所以了解、研究别国的礼仪就显得很有必要了。

太多了!!!介绍个翻译网站给你吧,可以整篇翻译,然后修改一下不通顺的句子。
http://www.onlinetranslation.cn/

Because the various countries' history and the cultural inside story are different, the various countries' people when carry on the ritual still associated the custom also to have many differences. Specially center between west, in etiquette difference very big, if did not understand, is easy to cause the nonessential misunderstanding and the loss. For example, in Chinese modern history, because China closes the borders and practice isolationism, did not understand to the west, holds in a Hitler at the banquet, a Chinese diplomatic agent according to cleans the knife and fork in China's custom with the table napkin, has never realized this procedure in overseas is extremely not politeness, is as if is blaming the knife and fork not to be unclean. Under Hitler as soon as sees, orders the waiter all reto trade immediately all visitor's tableware, poverty-stricken makes that Chinese diplomatic agents to be embarrassed. Again for example, Li Hongzhang once invited on Bismarck to go feasts, because did not understand the western-style food etiquette, after ate a bowl the water which the fruit washed the hands to drink. At that time Bismarck did not understand Chinese actual situation, in order to did not cause Li Hongzhang to lose face, he also will wash the hands the water to toss down, sees this scene, other 文武百官 only could repress laughter to accompany. Says in the cultural aspect on US, the Chinese appreciates the esteem Mt. Yugongyi, makes all to take moves does not work as a matter the American is puzzled, they can use the wisdom old man's intonation to ask a question: "Why doesn't he move?" The Chinese take modest as a moral excellence, but the American "the level is not high to the Chinese, ability limited" modest and thinks otherwise, on the contrary he can think you lack self-confidently, did not know has how many foreign students in US because "was modest" but pushes the rice bowl. The so opposite conclusion, the so huge contrast, is cultural difference appearing which East and West exists.

Creates this kind of difference the basic reason, is because the westerner and we have the completely different world outlook and the value orientation. The natural westerner also has many places is worth us studying. For example, the Chinese tourists prepare after the beautiful traveling to buy the ticket to return to homeland, buys the ticket depending on the subjective imagination is the affirmation must line up, but when they enter the booking hall, sees the window only then a person in to go through the formalities, and some several people calmly sit in the hall side on. Our country's tourists support immediately to the window rush to purchase the airplane ticket, the ticket seller after give China the tourist to run the airplane ticket, smiles was saying to them: "Next time will buy the ticket please on own initiative to line up side, and has referred to on person with the finger, when the Chinese will turn head looks, they will report the smile, will cause several Chinese really to feel too ashamed to be in public. Violates again in the modern society such mistake is should not, by own national condition regards other country only then to be able to leave "the awkward behavior", this waits for in improves own cultural quality, therefore, between understood the western ritual still associated the custom difference has the necessity very much. If knows nothing about, easily when with foreigner contact is in the disadvantageous situation. Regardless of is in politics, in the economical trade, understood opposite party country the etiquette custom, is to opposite party the respect, easily makes a good impression to opposite party, in order to associates smoothly carries on.

First must be explicit, the Eastern civilization and the western civilization all are produces under the certain social history condition with the development, the existence all is reasonable, does not have the which one is good and which one is bad question. Said on US, its history only then short 200 years, but its people are but come from each place immigrant, may say US is "the big furnace", it gathers the audiences is one, the multitudinous different nationality and the race all fuse in together, very many people have been assimilated, no matter any skin color, no matter speaks what language, all proud called oneself is the American. Their objective is forever looked to front, looks out the eyesight institute and front, and gets moving the advance; Striving to improve supports oneself, pursue happiness, never satisfies. This is their good quality and the quality, but they believe in the pledge is: "So long as we can vainly hope for we certainly can realize!" This is the American spirit, is establishes in the heroism and in the devotion foundation, by it short 200 year histories, has created in the human history bright civilization, it creates the productive forces, the complete productive forces which creates past all generations also must be more than, but also must be big, this is US'S charm. We cannot because China is has in 5000 the traditional culture, blind is arrogant, but should respect others, respects other people the personality and the custom, like this associates can smoothly carry on. Therefore the understanding, studied other country's the etiquette to appear has the necessity very much.

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