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Goldfish
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

For the Pepperidge Farm brand of snack crackers marketed in North America, see Goldfish (snack).
The goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) was one of the earliest fish to be domesticated, and is still one of the most commonly-kept aquarium fish. A relatively small member of the carp family (which also includes the koi and the Crucian carp), the goldfish is a domesticated version of a dark-gray carp native to East Asia (first domesticated in China) that was introduced to Europe in the late 17th century. It may grow to a maximum length of 23 inches (59.0 cm) and a maximum weight of 6.6 lb (3.0 kg), although this is rare: most individuals grow to under half this size.

Goldfish natively live in rivers, lakes, and other slow or still moving bodies of water in depths up to 20 m (65.6 ft. They natively live in a subtropical climate and prefer freshwater with a 6.0 - 8.0 pH, a water hardness of 5.0 - 19.0 dGH, and a temperature range of 32 to 106 °F (0 to 41 °C). Their diet consists of crustaceans, insects, and plant matter. They lay their eggs on aquatic vegetation. They quickly hatch into fry visible to the naked eye, often described as appearing like "an eyelash with two eyeballs". Within a week or so, they begin to look more like a goldfish in shape, although it can be as much as a year before they take their mature goldfish color. In those first weeks, they grow remarkably fast; an adaptation borne of the high risk of getting devoured by the adult goldfish in their environment.

Part of its popularity is due to the goldfish's hardiness. Their supposed reputation in some areas for dying quickly is often due to poor care amongst uninformed buyers, especially children, looking for a "cheap" pet. The goldfish is a cold-water fish, and can live in an unheated aquarium or in an outdoor water garden. In a pond, it will even survive brief periods of ice forming on the surface, so long as there is enough oxygen remaining in the water and the pond does not freeze solid. It is important to remember that sudden changes in water temperature can be fatal to a goldfish; when transferring a store-bought goldfish to either a garden pond or an indoor tank, equalize the temperature in the transportation container by leaving it in the destination container for at least 20 minutes before releasing the goldfish. In addition, some temperature changes might simply be too great for even the hardy goldfish to adjust to. For example, buying a goldfish in a store, where the water might be 70 °F (approximately 21 °C), and hoping to release it into your garden pond at 40 °F (4 °C) will probably result in the death of the goldfish, even if you use the slow immersion method just described. A goldfish will need a lot more time, perhaps days or weeks, to adjust to such a different temperature.

Goldfish
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For the Pepperidge Farm brand of snack crackers marketed in North America, see Goldfish (snack).

?Goldfish
Conservation status: Secure

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Genus: Carassius
Species: C. auratus
Subspecies: C. a. auratus

Trinomial name
Carassius auratus auratus
(Linnaeus, 1758)
The goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) was one of the earliest fish to be domesticated, and is still one of the most commonly-kept aquarium fish. A relatively small member of the carp family (which also includes the koi and the Crucian carp), the goldfish is a domesticated version of a dark-gray carp native to East Asia (first domesticated in China) that was introduced to Europe in the late 17th century. It may grow to a maximum length of 23 inches (59.0 cm) and a maximum weight of 6.6 lb (3.0 kg), although this is rare: most individuals grow to under half this size.

Goldfish natively live in rivers, lakes, and other slow or still moving bodies of water in depths up to 20 m (65.6 ft. They natively live in a subtropical climate and prefer freshwater with a 6.0 - 8.0 pH, a water hardness of 5.0 - 19.0 dGH, and a temperature range of 32 to 106 °F (0 to 41 °C). Their diet consists of crustaceans, insects, and plant matter. They lay their eggs on aquatic vegetation. They quickly hatch into fry visible to the naked eye, often described as appearing like "an eyelash with two eyeballs". Within a week or so, they begin to look more like a goldfish in shape, although it can be as much as a year before they take their mature goldfish color. In those first weeks, they grow remarkably fast; an adaptation borne of the high risk of getting devoured by the adult goldfish in their environment.

Part of its popularity is due to the goldfish's hardiness. Their supposed reputation in some areas for dying quickly is often due to poor care amongst uninformed buyers, especially children, looking for a "cheap" pet. The goldfish is a cold-water fish, and can live in an unheated aquarium or in an outdoor water garden. In a pond, it will even survive brief periods of ice forming on the surface, so long as there is enough oxygen remaining in the water and the pond does not freeze solid. It is important to remember that sudden changes in water temperature can be fatal to a goldfish; when transferring a store-bought goldfish to either a garden pond or an indoor tank, equalize the temperature in the transportation container by leaving it in the destination container for at least 20 minutes before releasing the goldfish. In addition, some temperature changes might simply be too great for even the hardy goldfish to adjust to. For example, buying a goldfish in a store, where the water might be 70 °F (approximately 21 °C), and hoping to release it into your garden pond at 40 °F (4 °C) will probably result in the death of the goldfish, even if you use the slow immersion method just described. A goldfish will need a lot more time, perhaps days or weeks, to adjust to such a different temperature.