wps怎么把图片嵌入文字:翻译一段英文,英译汉,谢谢!!!
来源:百度文库 编辑:中科新闻网 时间:2024/05/30 19:22:57
The most frequent contacts between private parties and administrators involove requests for advice about agency policies, procedures, or legal interpretations. Advice-giving can be beneficial to both the regulators and the regulated. In many situations an administrative statute and the agency’s rules and precedents may convey no clear indication of how the agency would deal with a particular act or practice. Thus, even when a private party has access to good legal advice , she may be unsure about her duties and liabilities. By learning the agency’s current interpretation of the law and perhaps also its enforcement intentions, she can make better decisions and avoid unexpected liabilities. In addition, when agency personnel have technical expertise in a particular field, they may be able to suggest efficient ways of complying with agency standards or regulations. A staff member of an environmental agency, for example, might be in a position to share his detailed knowledge of available pollution control technologies with persons working in the affected industries. Access to legal or technical advice from administrators can be particularly important to small businesses, both because they often lack the resources to master the requirements of all of the regulatory programs they encounter, and because they would be more severely damaged if an unwitting violation led to an enforcement action.
From the agency’s perspective, advice to the public can be a useful way of inducing voluntary compliance at minimal cost. Giving advice is cheaper and faster than conducting a formal proceeding, or even a major investigation. Moreover, it is usually easier to prevent violations from occurring than to remedy them after the fact. For example, the agency has a definite interest in responding to an inquiry from a private party who is contemplating a major business project, because the requesting party is more likely to acquiesces in the agency’s views before she has invested resources and effort in the proposed enterprise.
From the agency’s perspective, advice to the public can be a useful way of inducing voluntary compliance at minimal cost. Giving advice is cheaper and faster than conducting a formal proceeding, or even a major investigation. Moreover, it is usually easier to prevent violations from occurring than to remedy them after the fact. For example, the agency has a definite interest in responding to an inquiry from a private party who is contemplating a major business project, because the requesting party is more likely to acquiesces in the agency’s views before she has invested resources and effort in the proposed enterprise.
最频繁的联络在私有党和管理员involove 要求之间忠告关于代办处政策、规程, 或法律解释。忠告给可能是有利的对管理者和被调控。在许多情况一个行政法规和代办处的规则和先例不能表达清除指示怎样代办处会应付特殊行动或实践。因而, 既使当一个私有党得以进入对好法律建议的, 她也许是缺乏信心的对她的责任和责任。由或许并且学会法律和它的执行意图的代办处的当前的解释, 她能做出更好的决定和避免意想不到的责任。另外, 当代办处人员有专门技术在一个特殊领域, 他们也许能建议高效率的方式依从代办处标准或章程。一个环境代理处的职员, 例如, 也许是与人分享可利用的污染控制技术他详细的知识服务在受影响的产业。对法律或技术忠告的通入从管理员可能是特别重要对小企业, 两个因为他们经常缺乏资源掌握所有的要求管理节目他们遇到, 并且因为他们更加严厉地会被损坏如果无心的侵害导致了执行行动。从代办处的透视, 忠告对公众可能是导致义务服从一个有用的方式在最小的费用。提建议更加便宜和快速地比进行一次正式行动, 甚至一次主要调查。而且, 它通常更加容易防止侵害发生比补救他们在事实以后。例如, 代办处有确定兴趣在反应询问上从冥想一个主要企业项目的一个私有党, 因为请求的党是更加可能的默认在代办处的看法在她在提出的企业中投资了资源和努力之前。